{"id":7711,"date":"2025-06-28T21:40:42","date_gmt":"2025-06-28T21:40:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/"},"modified":"2025-06-29T05:05:09","modified_gmt":"2025-06-29T05:05:09","slug":"development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/","title":{"rendered":"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This article was originally published as: <strong>Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Original Article Link: <a href='https:\/\/www.ajan.com.au\/index.php\/AJAN\/article\/view\/1757' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>Read Original Article<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Download PDF: <a href='https:\/\/www.ajan.com.au\/index.php\/AJAN\/article\/download\/1757\/489' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>Click Here to Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>Objective: To determine the reliability and validity of a hand hygiene questionnaire (HHQ) developed to examine health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices.<br \/>\nDesign: Pilot testing of the HHQ.<br \/>\nSetting: Undergraduate students of nursing undergoing university education.&nbsp;<br \/>\nSubjects: The HHQ was administered to 14 student nurse volunteers in the final year of their undergraduate degree and to another 45 volunteers following revision.<br \/>\nMain outcome measures: Main outcomes measures were test\u2011retest coefficients, Cronbach\u2019s alpha values and mean inter\u2011item correlations of the scale items.<br \/>\nResults: The face validity of the HHQ was high. Cronbach\u2019s alpha values of 0.80, 0.74 and 0.77 were obtained for the Hand Hygiene Beliefs scale (HBS), the Hand Hygiene Practices Inventory (HHPI), and the Hand Hygiene Importance Scale (HIS) following removalof items with low item\u2011to\u2011total correlations or zero variance. The mean item\u2011to\u2011total correlations of the HBS, HHPI and IS were 0.37, 0.33, and 0.61 respectively. The two\u2011week test\u2011retest coefficients for each scale were 0.85, 0.79 and 0.89 respectively. Socially desirable responding was identified in participants\u2019 responses to the HBS using the 11\u2011item short form of the Marlowe\u2011Crowne Social&nbsp; desirability scale.<br \/>\nConclusions: The HHQ demonstrated adequate reliability and validity and should be further tested on a wider sample of health care students.<\/p>\n<h2>Authors<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Thea van de Mortel<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Keywords<\/h2>\n<p>hand-hygiene, student, knowledge, beliefs, questionnaire, Marlowe-Crowne<\/p>\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<p>References not available for this article.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This article was originally published as: Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124],"tags":[4928,5011,5013,5012],"class_list":["post-7711","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","tag-beliefs","tag-hand-hygiene","tag-marlowe-crowne","tag-questionnaire","wpcat-124-id"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices - IJSSASS Repository<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices - IJSSASS Repository\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This article was originally published as: Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IJSSASS Repository\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ijssass\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-28T21:40:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-29T05:05:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"195\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/adf9bae5731958270e2140cfc1af3771\"},\"headline\":\"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-28T21:40:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-29T05:05:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/\"},\"wordCount\":276,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"beliefs\",\"hand-hygiene\",\"Marlowe-Crowne\",\"questionnaire\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Articles\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/\",\"name\":\"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices - IJSSASS Repository\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-28T21:40:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-29T05:05:09+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/\",\"name\":\"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES\",\"description\":\"Open Access Library\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"IJSSASS\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization\",\"name\":\"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES\",\"alternateName\":\"IJSSASS\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-3.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-3.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":195,\"caption\":\"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ijssass\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/adf9bae5731958270e2140cfc1af3771\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e2404e10f252fd74bce698fdfc0296b3cfb701b99d14951364bf9586aaa0c4a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e2404e10f252fd74bce698fdfc0296b3cfb701b99d14951364bf9586aaa0c4a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/author\/admin\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices - IJSSASS Repository","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices - IJSSASS Repository","og_description":"This article was originally published as: Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and...","og_url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/","og_site_name":"IJSSASS Repository","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ijssass","article_published_time":"2025-06-28T21:40:42+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-06-29T05:05:09+00:00","og_image":[{"width":300,"height":195,"url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-2.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/adf9bae5731958270e2140cfc1af3771"},"headline":"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices","datePublished":"2025-06-28T21:40:42+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-29T05:05:09+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/"},"wordCount":276,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization"},"keywords":["beliefs","hand-hygiene","Marlowe-Crowne","questionnaire"],"articleSection":["Articles"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/","url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/","name":"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices - IJSSASS Repository","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-06-28T21:40:42+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-29T05:05:09+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/development-of-a-questionnaire-to-assess-health-care-students-hand-hygiene-knowledge-beliefs-and-practices\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students\u2019 hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/","name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES","description":"Open Access Library","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization"},"alternateName":"IJSSASS","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization","name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES","alternateName":"IJSSASS","url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-3.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-3.png","width":300,"height":195,"caption":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ijssass"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/adf9bae5731958270e2140cfc1af3771","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e2404e10f252fd74bce698fdfc0296b3cfb701b99d14951364bf9586aaa0c4a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e2404e10f252fd74bce698fdfc0296b3cfb701b99d14951364bf9586aaa0c4a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal"],"url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7711","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7711"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7711\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7962,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7711\/revisions\/7962"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7711"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}