{"id":6167,"date":"2025-06-24T21:52:41","date_gmt":"2025-06-24T21:52:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/"},"modified":"2025-06-25T04:17:15","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T04:17:15","slug":"human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/","title":{"rendered":"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article was originally published as: HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Original Article Link: Read Original Article<\/a><\/p>\n

Download PDF: Click Here to Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Abstract<\/h2>\n

The paper examined how concerned of national interest and human security led to Nigeria land border closure in 2019.The paper employs the historical method to reviewed and analysed Data. The work adopted the liberal theoretical framework which justified trade liberalization and free movement of people and goods from one place to another as a gateway for modernization and economic development. The paper argued that, the best decision taken by Nigeria federal government was the closure of her land border which stimulate economic growth and enhanced human security. The major findings of the paper revealed that smuggling activities in Nigeria is due to porous nature of Nigeria land borders, consequently insecurity and inflation have been on the increase with serious security implications on the citizens wellbeing and security. The paper also revealed that what influenced government closure of the borders was due to proliferation of light and heavy weapons across the Nigeria borders hence the executive order for border closure in 2019.The paper concludes that despite federal government acclaimed success of border closure of the nation land borders the closure did not yield the desire results.<\/p>\n

Authors<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • ISREAL SAMUEL (FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LOKOJA, KOGI STATE)<\/li>\n
  • YAHAYA TOYIN LAWAL (UNIVERSITY OF JOS)<\/li>\n
  • GOD’SLOVE ZEBULON (UNIVERSITY OF JOS)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Keywords<\/h2>\n

    Border Closure, Human Security, land border<\/p>\n

    References<\/h2>\n

    References not available for this article.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    This article was originally published as: HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Original Article Link: Read Original…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124],"tags":[2990,2701,2991],"class_list":["post-6167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","tag-border-closure","tag-human-security","tag-land-border","wpcat-124-id"],"yoast_head":"\nHUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE - IJSSASS Repository<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE - IJSSASS Repository\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This article was originally published as: HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Original Article Link: Read Original...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IJSSASS Repository\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ijssass\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-24T21:52:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-25T04:17:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"195\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/adf9bae5731958270e2140cfc1af3771\"},\"headline\":\"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-24T21:52:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-25T04:17:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/\"},\"wordCount\":257,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Border Closure\",\"Human Security\",\"land border\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Articles\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/\",\"name\":\"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE - IJSSASS Repository\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-24T21:52:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-25T04:17:15+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/\",\"name\":\"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES\",\"description\":\"Open Access Library\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"IJSSASS\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization\",\"name\":\"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES\",\"alternateName\":\"IJSSASS\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-3.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-3.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":195,\"caption\":\"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ijssass\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/adf9bae5731958270e2140cfc1af3771\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e2404e10f252fd74bce698fdfc0296b3cfb701b99d14951364bf9586aaa0c4a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e2404e10f252fd74bce698fdfc0296b3cfb701b99d14951364bf9586aaa0c4a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/author\/admin\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE - IJSSASS Repository","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE - IJSSASS Repository","og_description":"This article was originally published as: HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Original Article Link: Read Original...","og_url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/","og_site_name":"IJSSASS Repository","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ijssass","article_published_time":"2025-06-24T21:52:41+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-06-25T04:17:15+00:00","og_image":[{"width":300,"height":195,"url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-2.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/adf9bae5731958270e2140cfc1af3771"},"headline":"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE","datePublished":"2025-06-24T21:52:41+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-25T04:17:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/"},"wordCount":257,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization"},"keywords":["Border Closure","Human Security","land border"],"articleSection":["Articles"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/","url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/","name":"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE - IJSSASS Repository","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-06-24T21:52:41+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-25T04:17:15+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/human-security-and-land-borders-closure-a-historical-perspective\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"HUMAN SECURITY AND LAND BORDERS CLOSURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/","name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES","description":"Open Access Library","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization"},"alternateName":"IJSSASS","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#organization","name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES","alternateName":"IJSSASS","url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-3.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/c-users-user-desktop-logo-pnglogo-3.png","width":300,"height":195,"caption":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SCIENTIFIC STUDIES"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ijssass"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/adf9bae5731958270e2140cfc1af3771","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e2404e10f252fd74bce698fdfc0296b3cfb701b99d14951364bf9586aaa0c4a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e2404e10f252fd74bce698fdfc0296b3cfb701b99d14951364bf9586aaa0c4a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal"],"url":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6167"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6974,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6167\/revisions\/6974"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ijssass.com\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}